Annotated Bibliography Definition and Examples

The 8 Best CPA Prep Courses of 2019

Outline the course of US intervention in mexico from 1910 to 1940 Free Essays

Before 1910, Mexico was under Diaz’s dictatorship. Diaz supported USA Business in Mexico, for example in oil and railways, for many years, and they also bought products from them, however, Diaz started supporting British business in Mexico, and as a consequence of this USA allows Madero to foment revolution and to declare the Plan of San Luis Potosi in USA territory. Then, Madero started receiving answers with uprisings in Mexico. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline the course of US intervention in mexico from 1910 to 1940 or any similar topic only for you Order Now In that way we can say that USA contribution with Madero gave start to the revolution. Then, in 1911, Madero became president. He took away USA trade privileges, and these cause a very bad relation between both countries. USA was discontent with this too, so the allowed Huerta to kill Madero, and the possibly gave him support to do it. Huerta takes over in 1913. Huerta made deals with the British over trade. The USA were not satisfied with Huerta’s regime, and so president Wilson turned the British against the Huerta regime. They also stopped a shipment of arms from getting to Huerta sent by Germany. Later, they found a Mexican cruiser, the dolphin, landed in a restricted area in USA, so they ask for the arrest of the sailors, an apology, and a 21 gun salute to the American flag. Huerta refuses. USA sends troops to Mexico and forces him to flee. They then take over Veracruz. All this creates an anti-USA feeling because by them taking Huerta out of power, no definite leader was left, and consequently there was a need to struggle. Later, in 1914, USA left Veracruz. Carranza takes over. The USA offers to recognize his regime if they gave him complete control and more power, however Carranza refused. Then USA makes an attempt to capture Villa, however it does not work, and almost ended in war. Later, Obregon appeared. He was against Carranza, and as USA was not very happy with him, consequently they helped Obregon with the counter revolution against him. USA also gets involved with the constitution of 1917, where Carranza was intending to support independency from USA. USA supports Obregon, and he takes over in 1924., and during his government there were little interventions, which include political involvements of USA in Mexico, such as the interference with the constitution in 1917 where they allowed the church to be expropriated from its power, and also encouraged to give more rights to the workers, and to allow foreign investment, but without the companies to ask for the aid of their government. Finally, in 1924 Calles takes over. In 1938, Calles announced that there would be no more trade with Britain or USA. This affected USA’s economy and so they were very angry and unhappy with these new law. To conclude I would like to say that the USA intervention between 1910 and 1940 was very important, and that it was basically the USA who really made possible the start of the revolution, by giving support to Madero to foment it. Also USA interfered politically and economically, but interventions varied within the different Mexican presidents, depending on their policy. As we have seen, it was Diaz who gave the more support to USA investment in Mexico, and all the other presidents were mostly against USA involvements, and so USA interference with Mexico decreased with time. How to cite Outline the course of US intervention in mexico from 1910 to 1940, Papers

Financial Reporting Technology and Telecommunication

Question: Describe about the Financial Reporting for Technology and Telecommunication. Answer: Introduction Telstra Corporation Ltd is a technology and telecommunication company that aims to provide information and telecommunication services to its local and international consumers. As the number one telecommunication carrier of Australia, Telstra serves more than 16.5 million mobile-phone consumers and offers fixed-lines services to approximately eleven million access lines. Since the companys formation in 1901, it outperformed its major competitors like Vodafone and Optus through its efficient services and marketing strategies. Furthermore, the company has sustained its efficient services over the years and as a result, it has assured growth in earnings and dividend (Telstra, 2015). Besides, the largest market of Telstra is consumer and residential customers that it gives top priority among other activities, and which has allowed it to operate efficiently in such a dynamic environment. Financial Analysis Financial analysis of a company considers many aspects of a financial statement but in the viewpoint of this assignment, this analysis is tapered to three key areas only. Besides, the financial statements prepared by the company are based on Australian Corporations Act of 2001 and other AASB (Australian Accounting Standards Board) announcements, thereby aiming to shed light on the reliability, relevance, and faithful representation concept. The three prime areas are as follows: Intangible assets An intangible asset is an asset, which is not physical in nature and is generally very hard to assess. These assets have been argued to be one significant contributor to inconsistencies betwixt company value based on market capitalization and company value based on accounting records. Therefore, it is relevant to understand what an intangible asset truly is. Intangible assets include softwares, goodwill, deferred revenue expenditure, internally established assets, etc (Fields, 2011). In relation to Telstra, it has embarked the yardstick for identification, valuation, and measurement of its intangible assets (Telstra, 2015). Internally created or generated intangibles of the company are basically its R D expenditure that necessitates proper judgement and assessment of the management in order to be measured and evaluated. Furthermore, in association with software, the company utilizes these and hence, written off as per the straight-line method over its terminable useful life. In addition, the procured intangible assets of the company are documented at their fair values, and these necessitate proper judgement of the management in order to be evaluated effectively (Libby et. al, 2011). In relation to the company goodwill, it cannot be recognized until the happening of a joint venture or procurement wherein the amount paid is greater than the fair value of the procured assets. Thus, this variation determined, is identified as Goodwill. Moreover, it is not written off gradually and instead is examined for impairment annually (IASB, 2010). In addition, the intangible assets of the company possessing a terminable life are gradually written off based on the straight-line concept over their useful life, while the intangibles possessing an infinite life span are examined for impairment annually. The company adheres to the conservatism concept, which states that the assets and revenues must only be recognized when they are assured of being attained. Furthermore, in order to ascertain the actual profit of the company, the offsetting of such intangible assets values to the statement of income proves to be very significant to the shareholders (Leo, 2011). This concept of impairment accounting together with the offsetting off the expenses plays a key role in the decision-making process of the shareholders, thereby assisting in establishing an efficient opinion instead of misjudgment of the opted shares (Gibson, 2012). The company has also complied with the disclosure concept based on information relating to these intangible assets in its section of Notes to Financial Statements. PPE (Plant, Property, and Equipment) PPE is the company asset that is significant to business functioning but cannot be liquidated easily, and based upon the nature of the companys business, its total value can vary from very low to extremely high in comparison to total assets. Furthermore, it is documentable at cost and written off as per straight-line concept over its expected useful life. It is notable that every cost associated with the erection and operation of this asset, is also includable in its cost. Moreover, in relation to internally created and constructed assets, proper judgement of the management is vital for determination of costs that must be capitalized. As the management gains an opportunity to capitalize some unacceptable expenses, it becomes crucial in the audit process to eliminate such possibilities. This can be done by comparing the transaction with that of the outside party so that the arms length price can be ascertained. The evaluation of costs because of construction necessitates more keen-eye d administration. This can further cater to the efficiency of reliability and relevance of the financial statements of the company. As the company assets are analyzed annually, it signifies that they must be in an efficient condition, thereby enabling the company to complete its deadlines efficiently. This is an efficient hypothesis because innovative technologies are converting assets inessential and the losses generated from their write-offs can be accountable under the impairment profit and loss account of the company (Northington, 2011). Furthermore, depreciation is chargeable on the assets when they are fit for utilization under the straight-line concept over their useful lives. This life is the anticipation of the management and is analyzed annually so that any variations in their lives are considered accordingly. This analysis is completed by the management by comparing the transaction with that of the global movements so that it can be ascertained when the asset will become useless or replaces the present technologies. In addition to the above, the surplus value of these assets is also taken into consideration by the management on an annual basis. There are particular examinations and standards that must be adequately catered, in order to be categorized as a leased asset. Hence, the company utilizes these above-mentioned strategies in order to ascertain its PPE (Property, Plant, and Equipment) on its financial statements. As these policies are very effective in nature, it will be problematic if these items are not added. Furthermore, the net amount under such PPE can be connoted as the acquisition or procurement cost of the asset minus accumulated depreciation, until the date of balance sheet and this can be examined in contrast to the net realizable or surplus value of the asset, for the purposes of impairment. Cash flow statement analysis Telstra has prepared its cash flow statement as per the AASB 107 (statement of cash flows) requirements under three prime heads that is cash flow from operating, investing, and financing activities. As the income statement of a company is an admixture of various costs, it is important to dissociate these costs into such above-mentioned heads, in order to understand the performance of each aspect and determine corrective actions if negative cash flow is ascertained. Any kind of movements in these heads crate significant impact on the companys cash and bank balance. Operating activities offer a clear-cut understanding of the companys operations in the present year, investing activities comprise of sum total of changes experienced by a company during a year in investment losses or gains, and financing activities can be non-trading or trading in nature (Deegan, 2011). Thus, it is very important to dissociate all these heads so that investors can gain an in-depth understanding as to how the flow of cash is influenced by various activities, thereby making it positive or negative in nature. Furthermore, the utilization and source of the companys resources can also be understood with the assistance of a cash flow statement that in turn helps the management in taking significant decisions based on the companys performance (Davies Crawford, 2012). Moreover, the cash expended on several accessions and cash obtained from disposals must be carefully discussed in the Notes to Financial Statements of a company. On a whole, it is the relevance, truthfulness, and magnitude of cash flow items that ascertain the disclosures. Furthermore, it is usually observed that companies comply with the accrual and credit policies of accounting. For instance, the company sales do not align to that of its bank and cash balance because sales realization may consume some amount of time. In addition, the company expenses can be both prepaid or deferred in nature (Samaha Dahaway, 2010). Thus, in relation to this, the loophole betwixt accounting and realization can be determined by settlement betwixt net flow of cash from operations and accounting profit respectively. This advocates a user of the non-cash expenses accumulated in the financial statements, thereby assisting in the decision-making process. References Davies, T. Crawford, I. (2012). Financial accounting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Deegan, C. M., (2011). In Financial accounting theory. North Ryde, N.S.W: McGraw-Hill Fields, E. (2011). The essentials of finance and accounting for nonfinancial managers, New York: American Management Association. Gibson, C. (2012).Financial statement analysis. Mason, Ohio: South-Western. IASB (2010). The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting, Retrieved October 28, 2016 from https://eifrs.ifrs.org Leo, K J. (2011). Company Accounting, Boston:McGraw Hill Libby, R., Libby, P. Short, D. (2011) Financial accounting. New York: McGraw- Northington, S 2011, Finance, New York, NY: Ferguson's. Samaha, K. Dahaway, K. (2010). Factory influencing corporate disclosure transparency, in the active share trading firms: An Explanatory study. Research in Emerging Economies, vol. 10, 87-118. Telstra (2015). Telstra Our company. Accessed October 28, 2016 from https://www.telstra.com.au/aboutus/our-company/ Telstra. (2015). Telstra Annual Report 2015. Accessed October 29, 2016 from https://telstra2015ar.interactiveinvestorreports.com/ Palepu, K.G., Healy, P.M., Peek, E. Bernard, V.L. (2007). Business Analysis and Valuation: Text and Cases. UK: Cengage Learning EMEA. Telstra (2015). Telstra Our company. Retrieved October 29, 2016 from https://www.telstra.com.au/aboutus/our-company/